Electrolyte and Interphase Design for Magnesium Anode: Major Challenges and Perspectives.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are promising high-energy, safe, and cost-effective energy storage solutions.
• However, challenges like magnesium (Mg) passivation and uneven Mg growth limit their voltage stability and cycle life.

Purpose of the Study:

• This review discusses Mg anode degradation mechanisms in RMBs.
• It summarizes recent advancements in stabilizing the Mg anode through electrolyte and interphase modifications.
• The goal is to highlight future directions for high-performance RMBs.

Main Methods:

• The review analyzes Mg passivation mechanisms induced by electrolytes and contaminants.
• It examines the growth patterns of high-dimensional Mg.
• Recent strategies including electrolyte additives, weakly coordinating anions, artificial interphases, and 3D magnesiophilic hosts are summarized.

Main Results:

• Mg passivation and uneven growth are key factors limiting RMB performance.
• Electrolyte/interphase modifications show promise in suppressing these issues.
• Stabilizing the Mg anode is crucial for realizing efficient RMBs.

Conclusions:

• Addressing Mg passivation and uneven growth is critical for advancing RMB technology.
• Innovative approaches in electrolyte and interphase engineering are essential.
• Further research into Mg anode stabilization will pave the way for practical, high-performance rechargeable magnesium batteries.