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TBase - an Integrated Electronic Health Record and Research Database for Kidney Transplant Recipients

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Privacy Preservation in Patient Information Exchange Systems Based on Blockchain: System Design Study.

Sejong Lee^1,2, Jaehyeon Kim^2,3, Yongseok Kwon^1,2

¹Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Medical Internet Research

|March 22, 2022

Summary

This study introduces a blockchain-based system for secure electronic medical record (EMR) sharing. The system enhances patient privacy and data integrity, enabling efficient and safe exchange of fragmented medical data.

Keywords:

InterPlanetary File System consortium blockchain data security electronic medical records medical data management patient-centered medical system privacy preservation proxy re-encryption smart contract

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Area of Science:

Health Informatics
Blockchain Technology
Cybersecurity

Background:

The increasing demand for advanced medical services like AI and telemedicine drives a need for seamless medical data integration.
Medical data, including electronic medical records (EMRs), contains sensitive patient information, necessitating robust security measures.
Current systems face challenges in securely and efficiently managing and sharing fragmented EMRs.

Purpose of the Study:

To design a decentralized patient information exchange (PIE) system utilizing blockchain technology.
To ensure the secure and efficient sharing of electronic medical records (EMRs) while preserving patient privacy.
To develop a system that addresses security threats like counterfeiting and privacy attacks in medical data exchange.

Main Methods:

Developed a blockchain-based system for managing and sharing EMRs across multiple institutions.
Implemented data encryption and access control mechanisms to protect patient privacy.
Utilized Hyperledger Fabric for simulation and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) for distributed data sharing.

Main Results:

The proposed PIE system demonstrated efficient EMR sharing, with an average download time of 0.01014 seconds per MB.
Confirmed the system's ability to share data of any size or format through distributed data sharing.
Security analysis validated that the blockchain structure and re-encryption effectively prevent data forgery and privacy breaches, ensuring data integrity.

Conclusions:

Blockchain technology offers a robust solution for patient-centered health information exchange, ensuring data integrity and access control.
The PIE system effectively integrates fragmented EMRs, safeguarding against security threats during data exchange.
The integration of access control, re-encryption, and distributed data sharing enhances the safety and efficiency of EMR sharing.