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Privacy Preservation in Patient Information Exchange Systems Based on Blockchain: System Design Study
Sejong Lee1,2, Jaehyeon Kim2,3, Yongseok Kwon1,2
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|March 22, 2022
Summary
This study introduces a blockchain-based system for secure electronic medical record (EMR) sharing. The system enhances patient privacy and data integrity, enabling efficient and safe exchange of fragmented medical data.
Area of Science:
- Health Informatics
- Blockchain Technology
- Cybersecurity
Background:
- The increasing demand for advanced medical services like AI and telemedicine drives a need for seamless medical data integration.
- Medical data, including electronic medical records (EMRs), contains sensitive patient information, necessitating robust security measures.
- Current systems face challenges in securely and efficiently managing and sharing fragmented EMRs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design a decentralized patient information exchange (PIE) system utilizing blockchain technology.
- To ensure the secure and efficient sharing of electronic medical records (EMRs) while preserving patient privacy.
- To develop a system that addresses security threats like counterfeiting and privacy attacks in medical data exchange.
Main Methods:
- Developed a blockchain-based system for managing and sharing EMRs across multiple institutions.
- Implemented data encryption and access control mechanisms to protect patient privacy.
- Utilized Hyperledger Fabric for simulation and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) for distributed data sharing.
Main Results:
- The proposed PIE system demonstrated efficient EMR sharing, with an average download time of 0.01014 seconds per MB.
- Confirmed the system's ability to share data of any size or format through distributed data sharing.
- Security analysis validated that the blockchain structure and re-encryption effectively prevent data forgery and privacy breaches, ensuring data integrity.
Conclusions:
- Blockchain technology offers a robust solution for patient-centered health information exchange, ensuring data integrity and access control.
- The PIE system effectively integrates fragmented EMRs, safeguarding against security threats during data exchange.
- The integration of access control, re-encryption, and distributed data sharing enhances the safety and efficiency of EMR sharing.
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