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Increasing entropy reduces perceived numerosity throughout the lifespan.

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Visual illusions reveal how we process numbers. Lower color entropy in visual arrays makes them seem more numerous, a finding consistent across age groups and suggesting general effects of visual entropy on number sense.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Numerical Cognition

Background:

  • Numerical illusions offer insights into the brain's number sense.
  • Prior research indicates orientation coherence influences perceived numerosity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the orientation coherence illusion is a byproduct of visual entropy's effect on numerical processing.
  • To determine if color entropy, not just orientation, impacts numerosity perception.
  • To examine the developmental trajectory of the color entropy effect on numerosity.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed an ordinal numerical comparison task.
  • The color entropy of visual arrays was manipulated.
  • The study included children aged 5–17 and adults.

Main Results:

  • Arrays with lower color entropy were perceived as more numerous than those with higher entropy.
  • This effect was observed in both children and adults.
  • The strength of the color entropy effect on numerosity perception increased with age into adulthood.

Conclusions:

  • The coherence illusion in numerosity perception is not limited to orientation but is a more general effect of visual array entropy.
  • Visual entropy broadly influences numerical information processing.
  • Perceptual experiences shape the development of numerosity illusions throughout life.