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Updated: Sep 29, 2025

In Vivo Augmentation of Gut-Homing Regulatory T Cell Induction
Published on: January 22, 2020
Disease exacerbation is common in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for
Samuel J S Rubin1, Tatiana Balabanis2, John Gubatan2
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States. yrubin@stanford.edu.
Background:
Colitis is a known potential toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Studies evaluating the risk of disease exacerbation following ICI treatment in patients with pre-existing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are limited.
Aim:
To assess the clinical characteristics of IBD patients treated with ICIs and determine prevalence of subsequent IBD exacerbations.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients in the Stanford Research Repository database with pre-existing IBD who were exposed to ICIs.
Results:
The prevalence of IBD exacerbation following ICI was 36.8% amongst 19 patients meeting inclusion criteria. Patients with exacerbations had more gastrointestinal-related hospitalizations (4 of 7) than patients without exacerbations (0 of 12; P = 0.0090).
Conclusion:
The prevalence of IBD exacerbations following ICI was higher than reported rates of ICI-induced colitis and diarrhea in the general population and was associated with hospitalization.
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