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Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
Published on: April 26, 2024
Specific depression dimensions are associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline in older adults
Laili Soleimani1, Michal Schnaider Beeri1,2, Hillel Grossman1,3
1Department of Psychiatry The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA.
Introduction:
Understanding the relationship between different depression presentations and cognitive outcome may elucidate high-risk sub-groups for cognitive decline.
Methods:
In this study we utilized longitudinal data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) on 16,743 initially not demented older adults followed every 12 months for an average of 5 years. Depression dimensions were defined based on the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), that is, dysphoric mood, Withdrawal-Apathy-Vigor (WAV), anxiety, hopelessness, and subjective memory complaint (SMC).
Results:
After adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical covariates, SMC and hopelessness were associated with faster decline in global cognition and all cognitive domains and WAV with decline executive function. Dysphoric mood and anxiety were not associated with a faster cognitive decline in any of the cognitive domains.
Discussion:
Different depression dimensions had different associations with the rate of cognitive decline, suggesting distinct pathophysiology and the need for more targeted interventions.
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