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An Emphasis on Brilliance Fosters Masculinity-Contest Cultures.

Andrea C Vial1, Melis Muradoglu2, George E Newman3

  • 1Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi.

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Summary

Fields emphasizing brilliance may discourage women due to a perceived "masculinity-contest culture." Reducing this perception can eliminate gender gaps in interest and belonging, suggesting intervention possibilities.

Keywords:
brilliancegender stereotypesimpostor feelingsmasculinity-contest cultureopen dataopen materialspreregisteredsense of belonging

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Organizational Behavior
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Women remain underrepresented in fields perceived to require innate brilliance.
  • The underlying reasons for this gender disparity are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of "masculinity-contest culture" in discouraging female participation in brilliance-oriented fields.
  • To examine how perceptions of brilliance and masculinity-contest culture are associated and impact women's interest and belonging.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted three preregistered correlational and experimental studies with online adult participants (N=870) and academics (N=1,347).
  • Assessed perceptions of brilliance, masculinity-contest culture, interest, sense of belonging, and impostor feelings.

Main Results:

  • A positive association was found between perceived emphasis on brilliance and masculinity-contest culture, particularly strong for women.
  • Perceiving a masculinity-contest culture correlated with lower interest, reduced sense of belonging, and increased impostor feelings.
  • Experimental reduction of masculinity-contest culture perceptions eliminated gender gaps in interest and belonging.

Conclusions:

  • Masculinity-contest culture may be a key mechanism explaining why brilliance-oriented fields discourage female participation.
  • Interventions aimed at reducing perceptions of masculinity-contest culture could promote gender equity in these fields.