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Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy

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Published on: July 3, 2014

From 25 Fractions to Five: How Hypofractionation has Revolutionised Adjuvant Breast Radiotherapy.

J R Yarnold¹, A M Brunt², S Chatterjee³

¹Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.

Clinical Oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))

|March 23, 2022

Summary

Hypofractionation in breast cancer radiotherapy has a strong evidence base. Clinical trials show that shorter, higher-dose radiation schedules are now standard care for many patients.

Keywords:

Breast radiotherapy Hypofractionation

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Last Updated: Sep 29, 2025

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Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction

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Published on: April 24, 2016

Area of Science:

Radiation Oncology
Breast Cancer Treatment
Clinical Trials

Background:

Historically, breast cancer radiotherapy involved 50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks.
Evolving clinical evidence has driven changes in fractionation schedules.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the radiobiological basis and clinical outcomes of hypofractionated radiotherapy for breast cancer.
To examine the transition from conventional to hypofractionated regimens.

Main Methods:

Review of radiobiological principles.
Analysis of data from multiple clinical trials in breast cancer radiotherapy.
Assessment of treatment standards evolution.

Main Results:

Clinical trials support hypofractionation, leading to reduced treatment durations.
Shorter schedules like 40 Gy in 15 fractions (3 weeks) and 26 Gy in 5 fractions (1 week) are now established standards.
These regimens are widely adopted for whole- and partial-breast radiotherapy post-surgery.

Conclusions:

Hypofractionated radiotherapy is a well-established and effective treatment for breast cancer.
Reduced treatment schedules offer a safe and efficient alternative to conventional fractionation.
The evidence supports the continued use and adoption of hypofractionation in breast cancer care.