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Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle
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Optimal forward twisting pike somersault without self-collision.

Eve Charbonneau1, François Bailly2, Mickaël Begon3

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Sports Biomechanics
|March 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimal control simulations reveal new acrobatic techniques for forward somersaults. Non-collision constraints ensure realistic human motion, enabling advanced skills like the triple twisting somersault in gymnastics.

Keywords:
Optimal controlaerial acrobaticsself-collision avoidancesport performancetwisting somersaults

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Twisting techniques enhance scoring potential in acrobatic sports.
  • Optimal control offers a risk-free method for designing complex movements.
  • Previous simulations lacked self-collision avoidance, leading to unrealistic human motion predictions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate novel and realistic twisting techniques for forward somersaults into a pike position.
  • To incorporate non-collision constraints into optimal control simulations for human motion.
  • To explore techniques for one, two, and three twists before piking.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized optimal control to minimize duration of twisting and piking phases.
  • Developed a five-segment biomechanical model with degrees of freedom at chest, hips, and shoulders.
  • Employed a multi-start approach to explore local minima and analyzed solutions for stability and segment contributions.

Main Results:

  • Generated optimal techniques for forward somersaults with one, two, or three twists.
  • Identified the forward triple twisting somersault ending in pike as a feasible new acrobatic skill.
  • Demonstrated that non-collision constraints significantly alter optimal techniques without compromising performance.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal control with non-collision constraints can generate innovative and realistic acrobatic techniques.
  • The study validates the potential for gymnasts to perform advanced skills like the triple twisting somersault.
  • Self-collision avoidance is crucial for creating biomechanically plausible human motion simulations in sports.