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What is exactly the problem with panpsychism?

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  • 1Department of Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XHAmsterdam, The Netherlands. c.m.a.pennartz@uva.nl; sils.uva.nl/content/research-groups/cognitive-and-systems-neuroscience/cognitive-and-systems-neuroscience.html?cb.

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This study critiques panpsychism, suggesting that while integrated information theory may apply to simple systems, a lack of evidence for consciousness in such systems remains a significant hurdle. Further research is needed to address these challenges in consciousness theory.

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Theoretical Neuroscience
  • Integrated Information Theory

Background:

  • Panpsychism proposes consciousness is a fundamental property of matter.
  • Merker et al. critique existing theories, calling for deeper analysis.
  • Integrated Information Theory (IIT) offers a framework for measuring consciousness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the challenges and limitations of panpsychism.
  • To evaluate the applicability of IIT to non-biological systems.
  • To discuss difficulties in developing a comprehensive theory of consciousness.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of panpsychism and IIT.
  • Critique of Merker et al.'s arguments.
  • Examination of MRW's perspectivalist theory.

Main Results:

  • Integrated information theory could theoretically apply to photodiodes and subatomic particles.
  • A significant obstacle is the absence of empirical evidence for consciousness in these systems.
  • Synthesizing a full theory of consciousness faces considerable challenges, as illustrated by MRW's theory.

Conclusions:

  • The empirical verification of consciousness in fundamental physical systems remains a critical, unresolved issue for panpsychism.
  • Current theoretical frameworks struggle to bridge the gap between physical systems and subjective experience.
  • Further development in both theoretical and empirical approaches is necessary for advancing consciousness studies.