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Area of Science:

  • Quantum information processing
  • Metrology
  • Quantum sensing technology

Background:

  • Quantum sensors offer advanced precision but achieving fundamental quantum limits remains challenging.
  • Entanglement-enhanced quantum sensors represent the next frontier in precision measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally implement a programmable quantum sensor that operates near the fundamental precision limits.
  • To merge quantum information processing with metrology for enhanced sensing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized low-depth, parametrized quantum circuits on a trapped-ion experiment.
  • Implemented optimal input states and measurement operators for a sensing task.
  • Employed on-device quantum-classical feedback for self-calibration.

Main Results:

  • Approached the fundamental sensing limit by a factor of 1.45 ± 0.01 using 26 ions.
  • Outperformed conventional spin-squeezing by a factor of 1.87 ± 0.03.
  • Reduced the number of averages needed for a target Allan deviation by a factor of 1.59 ± 0.06.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated a programmable quantum sensor operating close to quantum mechanical limits.
  • The developed sensor surpasses traditional methods and entanglement-assisted spin-squeezing.
  • Self-calibration capability allows for operation without prior knowledge of the sensor or its noise environment.