Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 29, 2025
Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals
Published on: January 5, 2016
Coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalization outcomes in persons with and without HIV in Spain
Julián Olalla-Sierra1, María Dolores Martín-Escalante1, Javier García-Alegría1
1Internal Medicine Department, Costa del Sol Hospital, Marbella (Málaga).
Insights
People with HIV had better COVID-19 hospitalization outcomes, experiencing lower rates of ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or death compared to those without HIV. This finding highlights a potential protective effect of HIV infection on severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health crisis.
- Understanding risk factors and outcomes in vulnerable populations is crucial.
- The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on COVID-19 severity requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare COVID-19 hospitalization outcomes between individuals with and without HIV.
- To identify factors influencing COVID-19 severity in hospitalized patients.
- To analyze the association between HIV infection and adverse COVID-19 outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational cohort study involving 16,563 hospital admissions across 150 Spanish hospitals.
- Data collected from March to October 2020 from the SEMI-COVID-19 registry.
- Analysis included demographics, comorbidities, clinical severity, treatments, and outcomes such as ICU admission and mortality.
Main Results:
- Out of 16,563 admissions, 98 (0.59%) involved individuals with HIV.
- Patients with HIV were younger, had a higher male percentage, and a higher Charlson comorbidity index.
- HIV-infected patients showed lower rates of mortality and a composite outcome of ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or death.
Conclusions:
- HIV infection was associated with a significantly lower probability of severe outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- The adjusted odds ratio for the composite outcome was 0.53 (95% CI 0.29-0.96) for those with HIV.
- These findings suggest a potential protective role of HIV in the context of severe COVID-19.
Objective:
To compare coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalization outcomes between persons with and without HIV.
Design:
Retrospective observational cohort study in 150 hospitals in Spain.
Methods:
Patients admitted from 1 March to 8 October 2020 with COVID-19 diagnosis confirmed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 positive) PCR test in respiratory tract samples. The primary data source was the COVID-19 Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna's registry (SEMI-COVID-19). Demographics, comorbidities, vital signs, laboratory parameters, and clinical severity as well as treatments received during admission, treatment duration, ICU admission, use of invasive mechanical ventilation, and death were recorded. Factors associated with mortality and the composite of ICU admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death, were analyzed.
Results:
Data from 16 563 admissions were collected, 98 (0.59%) of which were of persons with HIV infection. These patients were younger, the percentage of male patients was higher, and their Charlson comorbidity index was also higher. Rates of mortality and composite outcome of ICU admission, invasive mechanical ventilation or death were lower among patients with HIV infection. In the logistic regression analysis, HIV infection was associated with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.29-0.96] for the composite outcome.
Conclusion:
HIV infection was associated with a lower probability of ICU admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, or death.
Related Concept Videos
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
01:26Sexually Transmitted Infections
01:28Hospitals-I