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Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Perspectives on Neuroscience
Published on: July 31, 2007
Consciousness and complexity: Neurobiological naturalism and integrated information theory
Francesco Ellia1, Robert Chis-Ciure2
1School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States.
Abstract:
In this paper we take a meta-theoretical stance and compare and assess two conceptual frameworks that endeavor to explain phenomenal experience. In particular, we compare Feinberg & Mallatt's Neurobiological Naturalism (NN) and Tononi's and colleagues Integrated Information Theory (IIT), given that the former pointed out some similarities between the two theories (Feinberg & Mallatt 2016c-d). To probe their similarity, we first give a general introduction into both frameworks. Next, we expound a ground-plan for carrying out our analysis. We move on to articulate a philosophical profile of NN and IIT, addressing their ontological commitments and epistemological foundations. Finally, we compare the two point-by-point, also discussing how they stand on the issue of artificial consciousness.
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