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Subconjunctival Dirofilariasis presenting as orbital cellulitis.

Smitha K Shambhu¹, Praveen R Murthy²

¹Prabha Eye Clinic and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

|March 25, 2022

Summary

Dirofilariasis, a zoonotic disease, is emerging in India. A rare case of subconjunctival dirofilariasis presenting as orbital cellulitis was successfully treated by surgical removal of a live worm.

Keywords:

Dirofiaria ocular manifestations orbital cellulitis

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Parasitology
Zoonotic Diseases

Background:

Dirofilariasis is an emerging zoonotic disease in India, with cases reported in various states.
Definitive hosts include dogs, cats, foxes, and wild animals, with human ocular parasitosis linked to environmental and sanitary conditions.
Migrating populations contribute to the spread of parasitic diseases to non-endemic areas.

Observation:

A 91-year-old man presented with symptoms of orbital cellulitis.
A live Dirofilaria worm, 13.5 cm in length, was found in the subconjunctival space.

Findings:

Surgical extraction of the intact live worm led to prompt resolution of the patient's symptoms.
This case highlights a rare presentation of subconjunctival dirofilariasis mimicking orbital cellulitis.

Implications:

Ocular dirofilariasis should be considered in patients presenting with ocular or orbital inflammatory lesions, especially given its increasing frequency.
Medical practitioners need to be aware of this zoonotic disease and its potential ocular manifestations.