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Multifaceted Roles of the KEAP1-NRF2 System in Cancer and Inflammatory Disease Milieu

Harit Panda1, Huaichun Wen1, Mikiko Suzuki2

  • 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The KEAP1-NRF2 system has cell-specific roles in health and disease. NRF2 activation aids cancer growth but combats inflammatory diseases by reducing inflammation and organ damage.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Molecular mechanisms
  • Disease pathology

Background:

  • The KEAP1-NRF2 system is crucial for cellular defense against oxidative and electrophilic stress.
  • This system regulates genes involved in cell proliferation and inflammation, suggesting cell-type-specific functions.
  • Understanding these roles is vital for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse roles of the KEAP1-NRF2 system across different cell types.
  • To focus on the system's involvement in cancer and inflammatory diseases.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on the KEAP1-NRF2 system.
  • Analysis of NRF2's role in cancer cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance.
  • Examination of NRF2's function in immune and endothelial cells during inflammation.
  • Review of current and emerging therapeutic applications of NRF2 modulators.

Main Results:

  • Cancer cells exploit the KEAP1-NRF2 system for proliferation and resistance.
  • NRF2 activation in immune cells, particularly myeloid cells, inhibits tumor development.
  • In inflammatory conditions like sickle cell disease, NRF2 activation in myeloid and endothelial cells reduces inflammation and organ damage.

Conclusions:

  • The KEAP1-NRF2 system exhibits context-dependent, cell-specific functions.
  • NRF2 inducers are effective in treating inflammatory diseases.
  • Combined NRF2 modulation and chemotherapy represent a promising strategy for cancer treatment.
Keywords:
KEAP1NRF2NRF2-addicted/activated cancercancer immunityinflammationsickle cell disease

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