Emerging Roles for G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 in Cardio-Renal Health: Implications for Aging

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine
• Endocrinology
• Aging Research

Background:

• Cardiovascular (CV) and renal diseases are major global health concerns with high mortality rates.
• Despite advanced treatments, these conditions persist, necessitating further research into underlying mechanisms.
• Age and sex significantly influence the prevalence and progression of cardio-renal diseases, suggesting hormonal regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current literature on G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) and its role in cardio-renal health.
• To explore GPER1's potential as a therapeutic target, especially in the context of aging.
• To elucidate GPER1-mediated signaling pathways relevant to cardio-renal protection.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of experimental animal models and human studies on GPER1.
• Analysis of GPER1 expression in cardiac, vascular, and renal tissues.
• Examination of GPER1 signaling pathways, including interactions with aldosterone and endothelin-1.

Main Results:

• GPER1 is expressed in key cardio-renal tissues and demonstrates protective effects in animal models.
• GPER1 signaling involves modulation of nitric oxide release, oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune cell infiltration.
• Evidence suggests GPER1 plays a role in mitigating age-related decline in cardio-renal function.

Conclusions:

• GPER1 is a promising target for improving cardio-renal health, particularly in aging individuals.
• Further research into GPER1-evoked mechanisms could yield novel therapeutic strategies.
• Targeting GPER1 may offer a new approach to enhance clinical outcomes for elderly patients with cardio-renal conditions.