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Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
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Myopia Genetics and Heredity.

Yu-Meng Wang1, Shi-Yao Lu1,2, Xiu-Juan Zhang1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Myopia, a common visual impairment, is strongly influenced by genetics and lifestyle. Research is identifying myopia gene loci and developing polygenic risk scores for better prediction and intervention.

Keywords:
atropineeducationenvironmentethnicitygenesmyopiatime outdoors

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Myopia is a leading cause of visual impairment globally, with genetic and environmental factors playing significant roles.
  • Over 400 gene loci associated with myopia have been identified through various genetic studies.
  • Myopia prevalence and severity are notably higher in East Asian populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the genetic architecture of myopia.
  • To examine myopia-associated loci from databases and genetic studies.
  • To discuss gene-environment interactions and the prediction of myopia using polygenic risk scores.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence on myopia genetics.
  • Identification of myopia loci from OMIM database, GWAS, and NGS studies.
  • Analysis of gene-environment interactions and polygenic risk scores (PRSs).

Main Results:

  • Significant genetic influence on myopia, with numerous associated loci identified.
  • Lifestyle factors like near work and outdoor time impact myopia onset and progression.
  • Polygenic risk scores show promise for predicting myopia progression.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding myopia genetics is crucial for elucidating pathogenesis.
  • Gene-environment interactions are key to myopia development.
  • Prediction models and PRSs are vital for myopia risk stratification and early intervention.