Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

11.6K
In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...
11.6K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

208
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
208
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

759.6K
DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
759.6K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

6.3K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
6.3K
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

93.2K
The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
93.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cryptographic Algorithms with Data Shorter than the Encryption Key, Based on LZW and Huffman Coding.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Stochastic Gene Expression Revisited.

Genes·2021
Same journal

Tissue MicroRNAs in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review of Studies in Human Myocardium and Animal Models with Implications for Post-Mortem Molecular Diagnostics.

Genes·2026
Same journal

Genetic Variants and Dental Caries Susceptibility: An Umbrella Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis.

Genes·2026
Same journal

Generative AI and Language Models in Human Genetics and Health: From Variant Interpretation to Clinical Decision Support.

Genes·2026
Same journal

Familial White-Sutton Syndrome Caused by a Pathogenic POGZ p.Arg508* Variant: Intrafamilial Variability from Childhood to Adulthood.

Genes·2026
Same journal

Genetic Influence on LDL-Cholesterol Levels: Role of Polygenic Risk Scores and Lp(a) Beyond Monogenic Hypercholesterolemia.

Genes·2026
Same journal

THBS1 as a Key Regulator of Myoblasts: Validation of Its Inhibitory Roles in Skeletal Muscle Development.

Genes·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack
07:44

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

7.2K

Note on DNA Analysis and Redesigning Using Markov Chain.

Maciej Zakarczemny1, Małgorzata Zajęcka1

  • 1Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Cracow University of Technology (CUT), 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.

Genes
|March 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a mathematical method using Markov chains to reconstruct missing DNA sequences. The technique ensures no change in amino acid frequencies, aiding in gene sequence analysis.

Keywords:
DNAMarkov chainhuman gene

More Related Videos

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

16.1K
A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types
12:39

A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types

Published on: December 10, 2012

11.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack
07:44

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

7.2K
Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

16.1K
A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types
12:39

A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types

Published on: December 10, 2012

11.4K

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • DNA sequence data is crucial for biological research.
  • Gaps or missing information in DNA sequences pose challenges for analysis.
  • Understanding gene function requires accurate sequence reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a mathematical technique for modifying and redesigning DNA sequences.
  • To address the challenge of overwriting missing parts in DNA.
  • To enable accurate analysis of DNA sequences, even with missing data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Markov chains for analyzing dependencies within DNA sequences.
  • Developing a probabilistic method to replace missing codons with synonymous codons.
  • Applying the technique to the human gene Alpha 1,3-Galactosyltransferase 2.

Main Results:

  • A simple mathematical method for overwriting missing DNA segments was developed.
  • The method allows for the selection of synonymous codons, preserving amino acid sequence frequencies.
  • Dependencies in the human Alpha 1,3-Galactosyltransferase 2 gene were analyzed using Markov chains.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed mathematical technique offers a viable approach for DNA sequence reconstruction.
  • This method facilitates the analysis of incomplete DNA sequences without altering protein function.
  • The study provides a theoretical introduction to Markov chains for biologists, enhancing accessibility.