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Tuberculous Pericarditis-Own Experiences and Recent Recommendations

Małgorzata Dybowska1, Katarzyna Błasińska2, Juliusz Gątarek3

  • 1Department of Lung Diseases, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) is a significant cause of pericardial effusion, especially in endemic areas. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent severe complications like cardiac tamponade and constrictive pericarditis.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) represents 1% of all tuberculosis cases and 1-2% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
  • TBP is a major cause of effusive pericarditis in endemic regions (50-90%) compared to non-endemic areas (4%).
  • Untreated TBP can lead to severe outcomes including cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge and clinical experience regarding the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for TBP.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis for effective TBP management.
  • To highlight emerging molecular diagnostic methods for identifying *M. tuberculosis* in pericarditis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical experience and current literature on tuberculous pericarditis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for TBP.
  • Focus on the application of novel molecular techniques for *M. tuberculosis* detection.

Main Results:

  • Early diagnosis is critical for preventing severe sequelae of TBP.
  • Established diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines are essential for managing TBP.
  • Emerging molecular methods show promise for rapid and accurate confirmation of tuberculous pericarditis.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and effective treatment of TBP are vital to reduce morbidity and mortality.
  • A comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approach is necessary for optimal TBP patient outcomes.
  • Advancements in molecular diagnostics are improving the etiological confirmation of pericarditis caused by *M. tuberculosis*.
Keywords:
constrictive pericarditisextrapulmonary tuberculosispericarditistuberculous pericarditis

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