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Related Experiment Videos

Method for determining virus inactivation during sludge treatment processes.

F Traub, S K Spillmann, R Wyler

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |September 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new in situ method accurately measures virus inactivation rates in sludge treatment. Bacteriophage f2 inactivation varied significantly with temperature and process type, with thermophilic conditions showing higher rates.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental microbiology
    • Virology
    • Wastewater treatment engineering

    Background:

    • Assessing virus inactivation in sludge treatment is crucial for public health and environmental safety.
    • Existing methods for in situ virus inactivation rate determination are limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a simple, reliable in situ method for determining virus inactivation rates during sludge treatment.
    • To quantify virus inactivation rates under different sludge treatment conditions (mesophilic and thermophilic).

    Main Methods:

    • A device was designed using electropositive and polycarbonate membrane filters to adsorb and contain bacteriophage f2.
    • The device allowed in situ exposure to sludge environments while preventing virus escape.
    • Virus inactivation was measured by eluting and quantifying surviving bacteriophage f2 via plaque counting.

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  • Temperature's isolated effect on inactivation was assessed using poreless membranes.

    • Main Results:

    • Thermophilic fermentation (60°C, 65 kPa) achieved a bacteriophage f2 titer reduction of 3.5 log10 units/h.
    • Thermophilic digestion (54.5°C) resulted in a titer reduction of 1.2 log10 units/h.
    • Mesophilic digestion showed a significantly lower inactivation rate of 0.04 log10 units/h.
    • Temperature contributed 19% to inactivation in mesophilic digestion, 32% in thermophilic digestion, and 100% in thermophilic fermentation.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method provides reliable in situ measurement of virus inactivation rates in sludge.
    • Higher temperatures and specific sludge treatment processes (thermophilic) significantly enhance virus inactivation.
    • Understanding the factors influencing inactivation rates is key for optimizing wastewater treatment efficacy.