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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Impact occurs when two bodies collide, leading to the application of impulsive forces between them. Analyzing impact mechanics involves considering two colliding particles moving along a line known as the line of impact, which passes through their centers and is perpendicular to the contact plane.
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Environmental Dynamic Mechanical Analysis to Predict the Softening Behavior of Neural Implants
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Effective Viscoplastic-Softening Model Suitable for Brain Impact Modelling.

Bartłomiej Dyniewicz1, Jacek M Bajkowski2, Czesław I Bajer1

  • 1Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5b, 02-106 Warszawa, Poland.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a modified Norton-Hoff model to accurately simulate brain tissue

Keywords:
accelerationbrain biomechanicsbrain injurydynamic responsefinite element method (FEM)mechanical properties of brain tissuenumerical modellingspace–time FEMviscoplastic materials

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Computational Mechanics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) simulation requires accurate models of brain tissue mechanics.
  • Existing viscoelastic models may not fully capture the rapid, non-linear responses of brain tissue to impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement a nonlinear viscoplastic model for brain tissue.
  • To accurately simulate the dynamic mechanical response of brain tissue under impact loading.
  • To introduce non-typical viscoplastic softening behavior mimicking post-impact brain responses.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of the Norton-Hoff model to incorporate viscoplastic softening.
  • Discretization and 3D implementation of the modified model.
  • Application of a space-time finite element method with parallel computation for efficiency.

Main Results:

  • The developed viscoplastic-softening model accurately simulates brain tissue behavior milliseconds after impact.
  • The model provides accurate numerical results within a reasonable computational time.
  • Parallel computation significantly boosted the efficiency for this complex problem.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed viscoplastic-softening model is superior to traditional viscoelastic models for simulating rapid impact loading on brain tissue.
  • This model offers improved accuracy for understanding traumatic brain injury mechanisms.
  • The numerical implementation facilitates efficient and accurate simulations.