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Chewing Patterns and Muscular Activation in Deep Bite Malocclusion.

Maria Grazia Piancino1, Alessandro Tortarolo1, Laura Di Benedetto1

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PubMed
Summary

Deep bite malocclusion involves altered chewing patterns and increased masticatory muscle activity. Functional therapy can improve neuromuscular coordination and dental positioning, reducing relapse risk.

Keywords:
Function Generating Bitechewing patterndeep bitejaw musclessurface EMG

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics and Dental Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Deep bite is a common malocclusion characterized by a high relapse rate.
  • Associated craniofacial features necessitate careful consideration during orthodontic treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of deep bite malocclusion on masticatory muscle activity and chewing patterns.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of functional therapy in correcting these alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 81 patients with deep bite to 14 controls, recording chewing cycles and masticatory muscle EMG activity.
  • Functional therapy was administered to patients, with post-treatment recordings taken on a subset.

Main Results:

  • Masticatory muscle EMG activity was elevated in deep bite patients, decreasing after functional therapy.
  • Chewing patterns shifted from reduced lateral movement to increased lateral movement post-treatment.
  • Functional therapy positively influenced neuromuscular coordination and dental occlusion.

Conclusions:

  • Deep bite is a complex condition affecting mastication and muscle activity.
  • Orthodontic treatment should address both dental position and muscular hyperactivity for optimal outcomes.