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Possible Ribose Synthesis in Carbonaceous Planetesimals.

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The formose reaction in asteroids may have produced ribose, a key RNA building block. This suggests life

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Area of Science:

  • Astrobiology
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Planetary Science

Background:

  • The origin of life may involve RNA polymerization in early Earth environments.
  • Ribose, a crucial component of RNA, has been detected in carbonaceous chondrites.
  • Exogenous delivery of ribose to early Earth is a potential pathway to the RNA world.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate ribose formation via a simplified formose reaction within asteroid parent bodies.
  • To model ribose abundance in planetesimals considering size and thermal history.
  • To experimentally determine ribose yield in the formose reaction using asteroid-relevant catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a coupled physico-chemical model to calculate ribose abundance in planetesimals.
  • Conducted laboratory experiments simulating the formose reaction with carbonaceous chondrite catalysts.
  • Integrated experimental yields into the theoretical model to refine predictions of 5-carbon sugars (5Cs).

Main Results:

  • Calculated ribose abundances were comparable to those measured in carbonaceous chondrites.
  • The formose reaction within parent bodies is a plausible source of chondritic ribose.
  • Analyzed chemical decomposition and preservation, constraining ribose's location and timing in planetesimals.

Conclusions:

  • The aqueous formose reaction likely accounts for most ribose found in carbonaceous chondrites.
  • Synthesis of RNA precursors within parent bodies and subsequent delivery to early Earth is supported.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the extraterrestrial origins of life's building blocks.