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GSTO1, GSTO2 and ACE2 Polymorphisms Modify Susceptibility to Developing COVID-19
Tatjana Djukic1,2, Goran Stevanovic1,3, Vesna Coric1,2
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Journal of Personalized Medicine
|March 25, 2022
Summary
Genetic variations in glutathione transferase omega (GSTO) genes, specifically GSTO1 and GSTO2, increase the risk of developing COVID-19. These findings highlight the role of GSTO polymorphisms in COVID-19 susceptibility.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Dysregulation of redox homeostasis is linked to immune response in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Genetic predisposition may influence COVID-19 clinical manifestations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and glutathione transferase omega (GSTO) gene polymorphisms in COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.
- To analyze the individual and haplotype effects of specific polymorphisms on disease development.
Main Methods:
- Genotyping of ACE2 (rs4646116), GSTO1 (rs4925), and GSTO2 (rs156697) polymorphisms using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
- Case-control study comparing 255 COVID-19 patients with 236 healthy individuals.
Main Results:
- Individuals with variant GSTO1*AA and GSTO2*GG genotypes showed significantly higher odds of developing COVID-19.
- Haplotype analysis revealed a 2-fold increased risk for carriers of the H2 haplotype (GSTO1*A and GSTO2*G variant alleles).
- ACE2 (rs4646116) polymorphism did not show a statistically significant association with COVID-19 risk, but risk increased with additional risk genotypes.
Conclusions:
- GSTO1 and GSTO2 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 development.
- Haplotype analysis confirms the role of combined GSTO variant alleles in COVID-19 susceptibility.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of GSTO in immune response and vitamin C homeostasis during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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