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CRISPR/Cas9 and next generation sequencing in the personalized treatment of Cancer

Sushmaa Chandralekha Selvakumar1, K Auxzilia Preethi1, Kehinde Ross2

  • 1Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.

Molecular Cancer
|March 25, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) advance personalized cancer medicine by enabling precise tumor targeting and tailored treatments, moving beyond one-size-fits-all approaches.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Cancer arises from genetic and epigenetic changes, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Current cancer therapies face limitations due to complex mechanisms, highlighting the need for alternative approaches.
  • The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) system and next-generation sequencing (NGS) offer potential for rapid target identification and validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the synergistic potential of CRISPR/Cas9 and NGS in advancing personalized cancer medicine.
  • To explore how these technologies facilitate tailored treatment strategies for individual tumors.
  • To discuss the transition from generalized treatment matching to precise, tumor-specific therapeutic design.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology with NGS for comprehensive cancer genome analysis.
  • Utilizing NGS for tumor and cell-free DNA profiling, proteome, and RNA analysis.
  • Leveraging CRISPR/Cas9 for direct targeting of oncogenic drivers within cancer cells.

Main Results:

  • NGS has revolutionized personalized medicine through its ability to analyze genetic information with minimal sample requirements.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 enables the direct targeting and potential elimination of genetic alterations driving tumor growth and metastasis.
  • Combined application accelerates the identification, validation, and targeting of high-value therapeutic targets in cancer.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of NGS and CRISPR/Cas9 represents a significant advancement in personalized cancer therapy.
  • These technologies facilitate the development of bespoke treatment regimens precisely matched to individual tumor profiles.
  • The future of cancer treatment lies in precisely tailored therapies enabled by genomic insights and gene-editing capabilities.
Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9Genome editingLiquid biopsyNext generation sequencing (NGS)Personalized medicine

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