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Severe acute respiratory syndrome and thyroid: A molecular point of view

Fatemeh Sadoughi1, Parisa Maleki Dana1, Jamal Hallajzadeh2

  • 1Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|March 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2 impact the endocrine system, specifically the thyroid gland. This review explores how thyroid dysfunction affects viral risk and how viruses alter thyroid function.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, have caused global health crises.
  • Viral entry into cells, facilitated by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), affects multiple organs and systems.
  • The endocrine system is a known target for viral infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between coronaviruses and the thyroid gland.
  • To investigate how pre-existing thyroid dysfunction influences susceptibility to coronavirus infection.
  • To examine the impact of coronaviruses on thyroid gland function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) and the thyroid.
  • Analysis of mechanisms of viral interaction with ACE2-expressing thyroid cells.
  • Examination of clinical and experimental data on thyroid function in viral infections.

Main Results:

  • ACE2 expression makes thyroid cells vulnerable to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.
  • Underlying thyroid conditions may increase the risk of severe COVID-19.
  • Coronaviruses can disrupt thyroid hormone synthesis, secretion, and metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • The thyroid gland is a potential target for coronaviruses, impacting endocrine health.
  • Understanding this interaction is crucial for managing COVID-19 patients with thyroid disorders.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the full scope of coronavirus-thyroid axis interplay.
Keywords:
ACE2COVID-19DysfunctionEndocrineMetabolic diseaseSARSThyroid

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