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Maternal Outcomes After Trauma in Pregnancy: A National Database Study
Mahwash Siddiqi1, Keren Guiab1, Andrew Roberts1
1Trauma and Burn Department, 25430John H Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA.
The American Surgeon
|March 25, 2022
Summary
Trauma in pregnant patients (>20 weeks gestation) rarely leads to death, regardless of age or injury type. However, some patients require surgery even with minor injuries.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Obstetrics
- Public Health
Background:
- Trauma is a significant cause of non-obstetric mortality in pregnant individuals.
- Understanding risk factors and outcomes in pregnant trauma patients is crucial for improving care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze mortality in pregnant trauma patients based on age and injury characteristics.
- To identify factors influencing outcomes in pregnant women sustaining trauma.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of the National Trauma Databank (NTDB) from 2017-2018.
- Inclusion of pregnant women (>20 weeks gestation) who experienced trauma.
- Categorization by age groups (12-18, 19-35, >36 years) and analysis of 30-day mortality.
Main Results:
- 1,058 pregnant trauma patients were analyzed; 94.5% sustained blunt trauma.
- Maternal age did not significantly impact 30-day mortality.
- Patients with higher Injury Severity Scores (ISS) had increased complication rates and prolonged hospital stays.
Conclusions:
- Pregnant trauma patients (>20 weeks gestation) generally have minor injuries with low mortality.
- Maternal age and injury mechanism were not significant predictors of mortality.
- A notable proportion of these patients required operative intervention despite low ISS.
