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Related Concept Videos

What is a Sensory System?01:31

What is a Sensory System?

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Sensory systems detect stimuli—such as light and sound waves—and transduce them into neural signals that can be interpreted by the nervous system. In addition to external stimuli detected by the senses, some sensory systems detect internal stimuli—such as the proprioceptors in muscles and tendons that send feedback about limb position.
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Introduction to Special Senses01:26

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Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Introduction to Sensory Receptors01:31

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Sensory receptors are vital in our ability to perceive and interpret the world. Sensory receptors are specialized cells in the peripheral nervous system that respond to various stimuli and enable one to experience different sensations. Based on specific criteria, sensory receptors are classified into distinct types.
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Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
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Flexible Sensory Systems: Structural Approaches.

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Soft electronics offer new applications by enabling interfacing with biological surfaces. Structural approaches improve performance and material integrity for advanced soft electronic devices.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Biological systems exhibit complex, nonplanar, and elastic surfaces.
  • Existing rigid electronics face limitations in interfacing with these biological environments.
  • Soft electronics present a promising alternative for seamless integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in soft electronics technologies.
  • To explore structural approaches for enhancing mechanical properties of soft electronics.
  • To discuss potential applications and future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on structural modifications for soft electronics.
  • Analysis of techniques including wave/wrinkle, origami/kirigami, and textile structures.
  • Examination of stretchable interconnects and crack-based methods.

Main Results:

  • Structural approaches can significantly improve the performance of soft electronics.
  • These methods maintain material integrity while adapting to nonplanar surfaces.
  • Diverse structural strategies offer tailored solutions for specific applications.

Conclusions:

  • Soft electronics, through structural innovation, are poised to revolutionize biointerfacing.
  • Continued development in materials and fabrication techniques will expand their capabilities.
  • The field holds significant potential for groundbreaking applications in medicine and beyond.