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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

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Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
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Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
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Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
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Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

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Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in a child with obstructive sleep apnea cured by tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Recurrent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection Triggered by Gardnerella vaginalis Bladder Exposure in Mice
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Recurrent Croup.

Huma Quraishi1, Donna J Lee1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital, Hackensack Meridian Children's Health, 30 Prospect Avenue, WFAN PC377, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|March 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Croup is a common childhood airway obstruction caused by inflammation. Recurrent croup may signal underlying airway issues requiring further investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Pulmonology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Croup is the most frequent cause of acute upper airway obstruction in young children.
  • It presents with symptoms like barky cough, stridor, hoarseness, and respiratory distress, often following a low-grade fever.
  • Croup can be triggered by viral infections (viral croup) or occur abruptly without preceding symptoms (spasmodic croup).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define recurrent croup and emphasize its significance.
  • To highlight the importance of investigating underlying causes for recurrent croup.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract summarizes the clinical presentation and definition of croup and recurrent croup.
  • It emphasizes the diagnostic considerations for recurrent cases.
Keywords:
CroupRecurrent croupSpasmodic croupStridor

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Main Results:

  • Recurrent croup is defined as two or more episodes annually.
  • This pattern suggests a potential underlying structural or inflammatory airway abnormality.

Conclusions:

  • Recurrent croup warrants a thorough medical work-up to identify underlying airway issues.
  • Prompt evaluation is crucial for managing recurrent croup effectively in children.