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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Symptom Science
  • Quality of Life Research

Background:

  • Co-occurring symptoms like pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression are prevalent in oncology patients.
  • These symptom clusters significantly impair patients' quality of life (QOL).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct patient subgroups based on symptom profiles (pain, fatigue, depression, sleep disturbance).
  • To determine demographic, clinical, and QOL characteristics associated with each identified subgroup.

Main Methods:

  • Latent class profile analysis applied to data from 1340 cancer patients (breast, lung, GI, gynecologic) receiving chemotherapy.
  • Validated measures of pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression, and QOL were administered.
  • Differences among profiles were assessed using parametric and non-parametric statistical tests.

Main Results:

  • Three patient profiles emerged: Low symptom burden (44.0%), Moderate (45.1%), and High (10.8%).
  • The Moderate and High symptom burden groups were younger and more likely female.
  • The High symptom burden group exhibited lower socioeconomic status, poorer functional status, higher BMI, and less exercise, with progressively worse QOL scores from Low to High groups.

Conclusions:

  • Over 55% of chemotherapy patients face a moderate to high burden from these four key symptoms.
  • Multimodal interventions are essential to alleviate symptom burden and enhance QOL in this population.