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Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anthony D Bai1, Carson K L Lo2, Adam S Komorowski3

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|March 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Mortality from Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) has declined over 30 years. However, over 25% of patients still die within 3 months, highlighting the need for ongoing improvements in care for this serious bloodstream infection.

Keywords:
BacteraemiaMeta-analysisMortalityStaphylococcus aureus

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Accurate mortality estimates for Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) are crucial for patient prognosis and clinical trial design.
  • Understanding trends in SAB mortality is essential for evaluating healthcare interventions and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze all-cause mortality in patients with SAB.
  • To investigate changes in SAB mortality rates over time.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases was conducted from 1991 to 2021.
  • Included were human observational studies of patients with S. aureus bloodstream infections, with data extracted by two independent reviewers.
  • Generalized linear mixed-effects models were employed to pool mortality estimates.

Main Results:

  • The analysis included 341 studies encompassing 536,791 patients.
  • Mortality rates at 3 months were 18.1% (2011 onwards), decreasing compared to earlier periods.
  • Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was associated with higher mortality, and mortality rates have declined over the past three decades.

Conclusions:

  • Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) mortality has shown a decreasing trend over the last 30 years.
  • Despite improvements, a significant proportion of patients (over 25%) succumb to SAB within three months.
  • Continuous advancements in patient care are necessary to further reduce mortality associated with SAB.