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Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Published on: August 25, 2014
Risk of pain disorders in offspring of parents with substance use disorders
Dian-Jeng Li1,2, Mu-Hong Chen3,4, Ya-Mei Bai3,4
1Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Aims:
Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) have higher risk of developing pain disorders. This study aimed to investigate the risk of major psychiatric disorders (MPD), SUD, and pain disorders among their offspring.
Methods:
This study used data from the Taiwan National Health Research Database. The case cohort included participants who had a parent diagnosed with SUD. The matched control cohort was offspring of parents without any SUD or major psychiatric disorder (MPD). Poisson regression was applied to estimate the risk of MPD, SUD, and pain disorder between case and control cohorts.
Results:
We recruited 13,840 cases and 138,400 matched controls. After adjusting for demographic characteristics and family history of psychiatric disorder, the offspring of parents with SUD had higher risk for bipolar disorder (reported as risk ratio with 95% confidence interval: 2.48, 1.79-3.43), depressive disorder (2.22, 1.94-2.52), SUD (2.53, 2.18-2.92), and alcohol use disorder (1.43, 1.16-1.76) than controls. With adjustments of demographic characteristics, individual MPD, and family history of psychiatric disorder, they also presented higher risk than controls for several pain disorders, including migraine (1.43, 1.15-1.78), fibromyalgia (1.21, 1.03-1.42), dorsopathies (1.20, 1.06-1.37), dysmenorrhea (1.16, 1.04-1.29), irritable bowel syndrome (1.26, 1.11-1.43), and dyspepsia (1.14, 1.02-1.27).
Conclusions:
Clinicians should be aware of the influence of parental SUD on the elevated risk for MPD, SUD, and pain disorders in their offspring.
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