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Occupational Segregation And Hypertension Inequity: The Implication Of The Inverse Hazard Law Among Healthcare
Tongtan Chantarat1,2, Eva A Enns1, Rachel R Hardeman1,2
1Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Occupational segregation in the US healthcare workforce contributes to racial inequity in hypertension risk. Desegregation policies could potentially reduce this hypertension gap for Black healthcare workers.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Occupational Health
- Health Equity
Background:
- Black healthcare workers, especially females, disproportionately occupy high-demand, low-control jobs with limited support.
- These occupational conditions elevate the risk of hypertension among Black healthcare workers compared to their white counterparts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the impact of occupational segregation on racial disparities in hypertension within the US healthcare workforce.
- To evaluate the potential of workforce desegregation policies in mitigating these health inequities.
Main Methods:
- A microsimulation model of the US healthcare workforce was developed, categorizing occupations into four status levels.
- Occupational segregation was simulated using race- and gender-specific probabilities from American Community Survey data.
- Hypertension prevalence and the Black-white gap were tracked over a 40-year career under status quo and desegregated conditions.
Main Results:
- The study found that eliminating occupational segregation reduced the Black-white hypertension prevalence gap by approximately one percentage point.
- This suggests that workforce desegregation policies can play a role in diminishing racial health inequities.
Conclusions:
- Occupational segregation significantly contributes to racial disparities in hypertension among healthcare workers.
- Policies aimed at desegregating the healthcare workforce show promise in reducing these health inequities and could be further explored through microsimulation.
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