Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants

1.7K

Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
1.7K
Cholinergic Receptors: Nicotinic01:15

Cholinergic Receptors: Nicotinic

4.2K
Nicotinic receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by acetylcholine and nicotine. Upon activation, they cause a rapid increase in the permeability of cells to K+, Na+, and Ca2+, followed by depolarization and excitation. They are in the autonomic ganglia, skeletal neuromuscular junction, CNS, and adrenal medulla.
There are two types of nicotinic receptors: neuromuscular (NM/NM/N1) and neuronal (NN/NN/N2). The two families differ based on their location and selectivity to...
4.2K
Stimulants01:29

Stimulants

379
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
379
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

385
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
385
Sympathetic Signaling01:31

Sympathetic Signaling

1.3K
Sympathetic signaling, a vital part of the autonomic nervous system, plays a crucial role in mobilizing the body's resources in response to stress or emergencies. It involves the transmission of nerve impulses from sympathetic preganglionic fibers to postganglionic fibers. This results in the release of specific neurotransmitters and activation of adrenergic receptors.
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) onto the ganglionic neurons in the...
1.3K
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids01:24

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

360
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
360

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effects of volatile organic compounds found in cigarette smoke on intracranial self-stimulation in rats.

Drug and alcohol dependence·2025
Same author

Magnitude and predictors of elasticity of demand for morphine are similar in male and female rats.

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience·2024
Same author

Transcriptional signatures in the rat medial prefrontal cortex associated with vulnerability and resilience across distinct phases of opioid use disorder.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

Substitutability of nicotine and sucrose in rats: A behavioral economic analysis.

Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior·2023
Same author

A TLR7/8 agonist increases efficacy of anti-fentanyl vaccines in rodent and porcine models.

NPJ vaccines·2023
Same author

The relative reinforcing efficacy of nicotine in an adolescent rat model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Frontiers in psychiatry·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Local Application of Drugs to Study Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices
10:04

Local Application of Drugs to Study Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: October 29, 2012

19.4K

Stimulus functions of nicotine.

Mark G LeSage1

  • 1Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Advances in Pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.)
|March 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Behavioral pharmacology reveals nicotine acts as a stimulus controlling behavior in tobacco use. Understanding these stimulus functions is key to developing effective treatments for nicotine addiction.

Keywords:
Behavior analysisBehavioral pharmacologyNicotineOperant conditioningRespondent conditioningStimulus functions

More Related Videos

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration
08:47

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration

Published on: February 10, 2012

13.6K
Live Imaging of Nicotine Induced Calcium Signaling and Neurotransmitter Release Along Ventral Hippocampal Axons
12:19

Live Imaging of Nicotine Induced Calcium Signaling and Neurotransmitter Release Along Ventral Hippocampal Axons

Published on: June 24, 2015

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Local Application of Drugs to Study Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices
10:04

Local Application of Drugs to Study Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: October 29, 2012

19.4K
Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration
08:47

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration

Published on: February 10, 2012

13.6K
Live Imaging of Nicotine Induced Calcium Signaling and Neurotransmitter Release Along Ventral Hippocampal Axons
12:19

Live Imaging of Nicotine Induced Calcium Signaling and Neurotransmitter Release Along Ventral Hippocampal Axons

Published on: June 24, 2015

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction research

Background:

  • Behavioral pharmacology is crucial for understanding tobacco and drug use.
  • Nicotine is recognized as the primary agent driving tobacco dependence.
  • Drugs, like nicotine, can function as environmental stimuli influencing behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overview research on the respondent and operant stimulus functions of nicotine.
  • To utilize a contemporary taxonomy of stimulus functions as a framework.
  • To examine nicotine's role in theories of tobacco use.

Main Methods:

  • Formal definition of stimulus functions.
  • Presentation of research examples on nicotine's behavioral pharmacology.
  • Discussion of factors modulating stimulus functions.

Main Results:

  • Nicotine exhibits both respondent and operant stimulus functions.
  • Various factors influence these stimulus functions.
  • These functions are integral to understanding tobacco use behavior.

Conclusions:

  • A taxonomy of stimulus functions provides a framework for tobacco use research.
  • Understanding nicotine's stimulus functions can guide future research and theory development.
  • This framework aids in conceptualizing tobacco use and addiction.