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Quantitative source apportionment and associated driving factor identification for soil potential toxicity elements
Guanghui Guo1, Kai Li1, Degang Zhang1
1Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Soil potential toxicity elements (PTEs) in southeastern Yunnan Province exceed background levels, with As and Cd being particularly high. Key sources identified include traffic, industry, and agriculture, influenced by factors like road proximity and land use.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Geochemistry
- Soil Science
Background:
- Quantitative source apportionment of soil potential toxicity elements (PTEs) is crucial for effective pollution control.
- Soil PTE pollution poses significant environmental and health risks, necessitating detailed investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively assess soil PTE pollution levels in southeastern Yunnan Province.
- To identify the sources of soil PTEs using multiple receptor models.
- To determine the driving factors influencing PTE pollution sources.
Main Methods:
- Collection and analysis of 421 soil samples.
- Evaluation of pollution using pollution factors, pollution load index, and enrichment factors.
- Application of Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF), APCS/MLR, UNMIX, and SOM for source apportionment.
- Utilizing the Geo-detector Method (GDM) for driving factor identification.
Main Results:
- Geometric means of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn significantly exceeded background values.
- As and Cd levels were 8.71 and 12.75 times higher than background values, respectively.
- APCS/MLR identified traffic emissions (Pb, Zn), natural sources (Cr, Ni), industrial discharge (As, Cd), and agricultural activities (Cu) as major contributors.
- Distance to road, lithology, distance to industries, and land utilization were identified as key driving factors.
Conclusions:
- Soil PTE pollution is a significant issue in the study area, with notable contributions from anthropogenic activities.
- Nonlinear interactions between anthropogenic and natural factors influence PTE pollution.
- Comprehensive strategies are needed for pollution prevention and risk control of soil PTEs.
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