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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
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Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

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Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Development of Obliterative Bronchiolitis in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Lung Transplantation
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[Surveillance Bronchoscopy after Lung Transplantation].

Takashi Kanou1, Masato Minami, Souichirou Funaki

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Kyobu Geka. the Japanese Journal of Thoracic Surgery
|March 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Acute cellular rejection (ACR) after lung transplantation can lead to chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Surveillance bronchoscopy (SB) is a standard diagnostic tool, but its risks warrant discussion for future ACR management.

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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Key Factors of Obliterative Bronchiolitis After Lung Transplantation
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Area of Science:

  • Transplantation immunology
  • Pulmonary medicine
  • Surgical complications

Background:

  • Acute cellular rejection (ACR) is a primary complication post-lung transplantation.
  • ACR is a significant risk factor for chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD).
  • Effective diagnosis and management of ACR are critical in transplant centers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the results of surveillance bronchoscopy (SB) for ACR diagnosis.
  • To evaluate the role of SB in preventing CLAD.
  • To discuss future diagnostic and treatment strategies for ACR.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of long-term post-transplant monitoring using SB.
  • Analysis of SB outcomes and complication rates.
  • Review of current ACR diagnostic and treatment protocols.

Main Results:

  • Surveillance bronchoscopy is the current gold standard for ACR diagnosis.
  • SB carries potential risks, including bleeding and pneumothorax.
  • The study presents institutional data on SB efficacy and safety.

Conclusions:

  • The findings will inform the discussion on the suitability of SB for ACR diagnosis.
  • Future strategies may involve refining SB protocols or exploring alternative diagnostic methods.
  • Optimizing ACR management is key to improving long-term lung transplant outcomes.