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Mucormycosis: A new threat to Coronavirus disease 2019 with special emphasis on India

Deganta Ghosh1, Sagardeep Dey1, Himanko Chakraborty1

  • 1Department of Botany, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Garia, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700084.

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health
|March 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Mucormycosis, a fungal infection, often grows in COVID-19 patients due to Rhizopus species. Managing hyperglycemia and using antifungal treatments are key to successful treatment of this serious black fungus disease.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology and Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Pathogenesis of Fungal Infections

Background:

  • Mucormycosis is a serious fungal infection often seen in patients with Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).
  • Rhizopus species, particularly *R. oryzae*, are the primary causative agents.
  • Factors like hyperglycemia, iron overload, and ketoacidosis exacerbate the condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the infective mechanisms of Rhizopus species in COVID-19 patients.
  • To analyze the global incidence and geographical distribution of mucormycosis.
  • To highlight key management strategies for mucormycosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on Rhizopus spp. and mucormycosis pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of reported cases of mucormycosis, focusing on geographical data.
  • Identification of critical factors in disease development and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Rhizopus spp. utilize cell wall components, germination proteins, iron sequestration enzymes, CotH protein, and GRP78 receptor for infection.
  • India and the USA have the highest reported cases of mucormycosis.
  • COVID-19 is identified as a potential predisposing factor, associated with high mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of mucormycosis involves early detection and control of hyperglycemia.
  • Treatment strategies include liposomal amphotericin B and surgical debridement.
  • Understanding Rhizopus spp. pathogenesis is crucial for combating this opportunistic infection.
Keywords:
COVID-19CorticosteroidDiabeticsMucormycosisRhizopus

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