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Prevalence and clinical correlates for depression in women with urinary incontinence: a cross-sectional study
Qun Zhang1, Qian Wang2, Ziping Liu1
1Department of Medical Psychology, The Air Force Hospital of Northern Theater PLA, 46 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China.
Introduction And Hypothesis:
The coexistence of urinary incontinence (UI) and depression has been intensively examined in women. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and some clinical correlates of depression in women with UI.
Methods:
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANE) 2005-2018 was used in this cross-sectional study, and a total of 7250 UI patients were included. Patientss were defined as having UI if they answered "yes" to the UI screening question. Depression symptoms were measured by Personal Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
Results:
The age-standardized prevalence of depression in women with UI was 13.7 (95% CI: 12.5-14.9). Multiple logistic regression showed that being younger (age <60 years), widowed, divorced or separated and having lower income, lower education level, more severe incontinence and mixed UI were associated with an increased likelihood of depression.
Conclusions:
This population-based study suggested that the prevalence of depression in women with UI was high. The main clinical correlates for depression were younger age (<60 years), lower education level, lower income, being widowed, divorced or separated, and having more severe incontinence and mixed UI.
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