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Infertility in Females01:28

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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The uterine or fallopian tubes function as the conduit through which oocytes travel from the ovaries to the uterus. Each fallopian tube measures approximately 10 to 13 cm long and is anatomically divided into the infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and interstitial part (or intramural segment). The infundibulum is characterized by its funnel shape and features extensions called fimbriae which reach towards the peritoneal cavity. These fimbriae play a critical role during ovulation as they extend...
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Adenomyosis and infertility.

Gaby Moawad1, Mira H Kheil2, Jean Marc Ayoubi3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. gnmoawad@gmail.com.

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
|March 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Adenomyosis, a uterine condition, is linked to infertility and poorer pregnancy outcomes. However, treatment for adenomyosis may improve fertility and live birth rates in affected women.

Keywords:
AdenomyosisFertilityInfertilityPregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Adenomyosis is a poorly understood uterine condition.
  • While traditionally associated with older women, adenomyosis is increasingly diagnosed in younger patients, impacting fertility.
  • Current treatment protocols for adenomyosis are not unified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between adenomyosis and infertility.
  • To review the impact of adenomyosis on fertility outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search using keywords: "adenomyosis", "infertility", "pregnancy", "fertility" in PubMed and Medline.
  • Selected articles included observational studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials.
  • English-language articles with screened abstracts were included.

Main Results:

  • Literature indicates lower clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in patients with adenomyosis.
  • Patients with adenomyosis experience higher miscarriage rates and increased risk of adverse obstetric outcomes.
  • Treatment for adenomyosis appears to correlate with improved pregnancy and live birth rates.

Conclusions:

  • A significant association exists between adenomyosis and infertility.
  • Treatment interventions for adenomyosis may enhance fertility outcomes and increase live birth rates.