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The interplay between anticancer challenges and the microbial communities from the gut.

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Anticancer drugs harm gut microbes, causing dysbiosis that impacts cancer treatment efficacy. This review explores the link between gut microbiota, cancer, and chemotherapy, considering bacteria-based diagnostic and therapeutic tools.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Anticancer drug use is increasing, impacting host cells and gut microbiota.
  • Chemotherapy exhibits antimicrobial activity, leading to gut microbiota perturbation and dysbiosis.
  • Gut microbiota dysbiosis can cause complications and affect cancer treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the triangular relationship between gut microbiota, cancer, and anticancer treatment.
  • To focus on the antimicrobial effects of chemotherapy on gut bacteria.
  • To explore the impact of chemotherapy on bacterial mutagenesis and potential bacteria-based cancer tools.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on anticancer drugs and gut microbiota.
  • Analysis of chemotherapy's antimicrobial and mutagenic effects on bacteria.
  • Examination of research on bacteria-based cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.

Main Results:

  • Anticancer chemotherapy demonstrates significant antimicrobial activity against gut bacteria.
  • Chemotherapy-induced dysbiosis can negatively influence host health and treatment efficacy.
  • Mutagenesis in bacteria due to chemotherapy is a key concern.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota plays a critical role in cancer and its treatment.
  • Understanding chemotherapy's impact on gut microbes is essential for managing side effects and improving outcomes.
  • Bacteria-based tools offer promising avenues for cancer diagnosis and therapy.