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Simultaneous EEG Monitoring During Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
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Transcranial alternating current stimulation for treating depression: a randomized controlled trial.

Hongxing Wang1,2, Kun Wang1,3, Qing Xue1

  • 1Division of Neuropsychiatry and Psychosomatics, Department of Neurology, Beijing Psychosomatic Disease Consultation Center, Xuanwu Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|March 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transcranial alternating current stimulation significantly improved depression symptoms in first-episode, drug-naïve patients. This non-pharmacological treatment offers a promising alternative for major depressive disorder management.

Keywords:
drug-naïveefficacyfirst-episodemajor depressive disordertranscranial alternating current stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Antidepressant treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) shows limited efficacy.
  • Non-pharmacological interventions like transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) offer alternatives for MDD.
  • Efficacy of tACS in first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of tACS in treating first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients.
  • To compare active tACS with sham stimulation in a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial.
  • To assess remission and response rates, symptom reduction, and adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study involving 100 first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients.
  • Participants received daily 40-min sessions of active or sham tACS (77.5 Hz, 15 mA) for four weeks.
  • Primary outcome: remission rate (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score ≤ 7) at Week 8.

Main Results:

  • The active tACS group showed a significantly higher remission rate (54%) compared to the sham group (18%) at Week 8.
  • Active tACS resulted in higher remission rates at Week 4 and improved response rates at Weeks 4 and 8.
  • Significant reductions in depressive symptoms were observed in the active group from baseline to Weeks 4 and 8, with similar adverse event profiles between groups.

Conclusions:

  • tACS applied to the frontal cortex and mastoids is effective in improving depressive symptoms in first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients.
  • This stimulation may serve as a viable non-pharmacological intervention in outpatient settings.
  • Further research can explore tACS as a primary or adjunctive treatment for MDD.