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Heat stroke in endurance exercise.

H P Aarseth, I Eide, B Skeie

    Acta Medica Scandinavica
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Heat stroke in athletes can cause liver cell injury, indicated by elevated liver enzymes, even with normal kidney function. Prompt diagnosis using biochemical markers is crucial for managing this condition.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Heat stroke is a severe condition in athletes, characterized by high body temperature.
    • Understanding the physiological and biochemical responses to heat stroke is critical for diagnosis and management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the clinical and biochemical profiles of athletes experiencing heat stroke during exercise.
    • To identify sensitive diagnostic markers for heat stroke, particularly focusing on liver and kidney function.

    Main Methods:

    • Examined six athletes immediately after heat stroke collapse.
    • Monitored athletes for several weeks, assessing rectal temperature, renal function, liver enzymes, electrolytes, and plasma hormone levels (catecholamines, vasopressin, renin).

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    Main Results:

    • Athletes presented with rectal temperatures over 42°C and profuse sweating; all recovered within hours.
    • Renal function remained within expected limits for heavy exercise.
    • Elevated serum liver enzymes persisted for weeks, indicating liver cell injury.
    • Transient hypercalcemia was observed but not fully explained.
    • Hormonal changes (catecholamines, vasopressin, renin) were consistent with heavy exercise.

    Conclusions:

    • Heat stroke exists on a clinical continuum.
    • Biochemical evidence of liver cell injury is a sensitive and important diagnostic parameter for heat stroke.