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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Physiology
    • Medical Procedures

    Background:

    • Short-term fluid loading is a common medical procedure post-spaceflight and in hospitals.
    • Rapid fluid infusion can cause hypervolemia and hemodilution, potentially impairing cerebral autoregulation.
    • The impact of fluid loading on intracranial pressure (ICP) has not been previously established.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of rapid fluid infusion on noninvasive intracranial pressure (nICP).
    • To determine if fluid loading influences cerebral blood flow (CBF) and related hemodynamic parameters.
    • To assess changes in cerebral artery compliance and pulsatility index (PI) during fluid infusion.

    Main Methods:

    • Twelve healthy male volunteers received normal saline infusions (15 and 30 ml/kg) at 100 ml/min.
    • Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measured middle cerebral artery (MCA) CBF velocity (CBFv).
    • Arterial blood pressure (ABP) was monitored via tonometry; nICP, compliance, and PI were calculated using an intracranial hydraulic model.

    Main Results:

    • Noninvasive ICP (nICP) significantly increased during both NS-15 and NS-30 infusion stages.
    • Cerebral artery compliance and PI showed no significant changes.
    • Arterial blood pressure (ABP) remained stable, but CBFv significantly increased post-infusion.

    Conclusions:

    • Rapid fluid infusion, leading to hypervolemia, elevates nICP and CBFv.
    • Cerebrovascular impedance, indicated by compliance and PI, was not significantly altered.
    • These findings suggest that rapid fluid infusion can increase ICP through enhanced CBF.