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Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing
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Student Drowsiness During Simulated Solo Flight.

Mark A Corbett, David G Newman

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    |March 31, 2022
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    Summary
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    Pilot fatigue is a significant concern. Infrared reflectance oculography shows promise for continuous in-flight monitoring of drowsiness in student pilots, detecting levels that could impair performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Aviation Psychology
    • Human Factors in Aviation
    • Aerospace Medicine

    Background:

    • Pilot fatigue is a critical safety concern in aviation.
    • Current countermeasures for pilot fatigue focus on scheduling and modeling, with limited attention to in-flight detection.
    • Drowsiness detection during flight is essential for maintaining pilot performance and safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and levels of drowsiness experienced by student pilots during simulated flight.
    • To explore the utility of infrared reflectance oculography for continuous, in-flight monitoring of pilot drowsiness.

    Main Methods:

    • Nine university pilot trainees participated in a simulated 4-hour navigational exercise during a circadian low.
    • Participants wore activity monitors and completed diaries, and a head-mounted device collected oculographic data.
    • The Johns Drowsiness Scale (JDS) was used to quantify drowsiness levels from oculographic data.

    Main Results:

    • Peak Johns Drowsiness Scale (JDS) values reached 6.5, indicating significant drowsiness in some participants.
    • Two out of nine participants (22.2%) experienced drowsiness levels at or above a cautionary warning threshold.
    • Drowsiness levels generally decreased from top of descent until landing.

    Conclusions:

    • Drowsiness is a potential issue for student pilots during flight operations, with levels sometimes exceeding safety thresholds.
    • Infrared reflectance oculography demonstrates potential as an objective tool for continuous fatigue and drowsiness detection in aviation.
    • Further investigation into oculography for aviation fatigue monitoring is warranted.