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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in Canada
Meghan Laverty1, Marina Salvadori1, Susan G Squires1
1Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.
Insights
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare post-viral condition following COVID-19. Canadian data show 269 MIS-C cases, primarily in young males, requiring hospitalization but with no reported deaths.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious post-viral condition linked to COVID-19.
- Symptoms include fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and skin rash, indicating widespread inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the epidemiology of MIS-C cases reported nationally in Canada.
- To analyze the characteristics and trends of MIS-C in Canadian children.
Main Methods:
- Data collected from provincial and territorial health authorities in Canada.
- Analysis of 269 MIS-C cases reported between March 2020 and October 2021.
- Correlation of MIS-C incidence with COVID-19 trends in children.
Main Results:
- 269 MIS-C cases reported, with 53% linked to confirmed or suspected COVID-19.
- Median age of affected children was six years; 58% were male.
- 99% of cases required hospitalization, and 36% needed intensive care; no deaths reported.
Conclusions:
- MIS-C is a rare condition in Canadian children following COVID-19 infection.
- The incidence of MIS-C in children mirrors COVID-19 trends with a 2-6 week lag.
- While severe, MIS-C cases in Canada have not resulted in fatalities to date.
Abstract:
This article provides a summary of the epidemiology of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) cases reported nationally in Canada by provincial and territorial health authorities. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children is a post-viral inflammatory syndrome that temporally follows coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Symptoms may include fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash and other signs of inflammation. In Canada, MIS-C is rare, with 269 cases reported to the Public Health Agency of Canada between March 11, 2020 and October 2, 2021. One hundred forty-two (53%) of these cases were lab-confirmed COVID-19 cases or epidemiologically-linked with COVID-19 cases. Cases have been reported in infants as young as one week to youth as old as 18 years, with a median age of six years. Cases were more likely to occur in males than females (58% vs 42%, respectively; p=0.006). Almost all MIS-C cases (99%) required hospitalization and 36% required intensive care unit admission. No deaths have been reported to date. The time trend of MIS-C aligns with the incidence rate time trend of COVID-19 reported in children, with a two to six-week lag.
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