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Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Athletes: Expect the Unexpected
Bradley J Petek1, Sarah K Gustus2, Meagan M Wasfy2
1Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Cardiology.
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
|March 31, 2022
Summary
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) reveals unique physiological profiles in athletes. Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate performance optimization and clinical assessment in athletic individuals.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Cardiopulmonary Physiology
- Exercise Science
Background:
- Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) assesses integrated physiological systems during exertion.
- Normative CPET values are typically derived from the general population, not athletes.
- Athletes exhibit distinct exercise physiology compared to non-athletes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review expected CPET findings in athletes.
- To highlight differences between athletic and general population CPET norms.
- To identify research gaps for optimizing CPET in athletes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current data on CPET in athletes.
- Comparison of athletic CPET findings with general population normative values.
- Analysis of exercise physiology differences in trained individuals.
Main Results:
- Athletes show higher cardiac output and peak V̇O2.
- Faster heart rate recovery and lower breathing reserve are common in athletes.
- Athletes have a higher prevalence of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia.
Conclusions:
- CPET is vital for athletic performance enhancement and pathology assessment.
- Athletic-specific CPET interpretation requires considering the impact of vigorous training.
- Further research is needed to refine CPET application in athletes.
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