Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

2.9K
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
2.9K
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

3.2K
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
3.2K
Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

5.6K
The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
5.6K
Classification of Bones01:18

Classification of Bones

7.7K
The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
7.7K
Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

8.1K
The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
8.1K
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract01:29

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

2.9K
The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
2.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Association between estimated glucose disposal rate and metabolic syndrome in older adults with sarcopenia.

Frontiers in nutrition·2026
Same author

Ultrafast Access to Indole-Fused Isocoumarin with Tunable Emission via Cascade Dual C-H/C-H Cross-Coupling.

Organic letters·2026
Same author

Silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds with graphene oxide induce macrophage M2 polarization and enhance angiogenesis to facilitate bone repair.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Retraction Note: NSD2 targeting reverses plasticity and drug resistance in prostate cancer.

Nature·2026
Same author

Bio-hybrid nanovesicles with multimodal antioxidant and immunomodulatory functions attenuate acute kidney injury.

Journal of nanobiotechnology·2026
Same author

Evaluation of Molar Buccolingual Inclination on Digital Models in Untreated Subjects with Near-Normal Occlusion.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla
05:54

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

Published on: October 18, 2021

1.9K

Maxillary sinus dimensions in skeletal class II population with different vertical skeletal patterns.

Abby Syverson1, Chenshuang Li2, Zhong Zheng3,4

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S 40th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Clinical Oral Investigations
|April 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

High-angle skeletal class II patients have larger maxillary sinuses, increasing the risk of perforation during orthodontic treatment with temporary anchorage devices (TADs). Males also face a higher risk than females.

Keywords:
CBCTMaxillary sinusSex as a biological variable (SABV)Skeletal class IISkeletal vertical pattern

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment
07:32

Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment

Published on: February 23, 2024

1.4K
Author Spotlight: Development of a Novel Finite Element Analysis Model for Improved Orthognathic Surgical Techniques
07:16

Author Spotlight: Development of a Novel Finite Element Analysis Model for Improved Orthognathic Surgical Techniques

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla
05:54

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

Published on: October 18, 2021

1.9K
Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment
07:32

Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment

Published on: February 23, 2024

1.4K
Author Spotlight: Development of a Novel Finite Element Analysis Model for Improved Orthognathic Surgical Techniques
07:16

Author Spotlight: Development of a Novel Finite Element Analysis Model for Improved Orthognathic Surgical Techniques

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Maxillofacial Radiology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The maxillary sinus's proximity to the maxillary bone impacts orthodontic treatment, especially with temporary anchorage devices (TADs).
  • Understanding sinus dimensions is crucial for safe TAD placement in skeletal class II patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate maxillary sinus size and location in skeletal class II individuals.
  • To compare sinus dimensions across different skeletal vertical patterns and genders.

Main Methods:

  • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of skeletal class II patients were analyzed.
  • Maxillary sinus volume, height, width, depth, and surrounding alveolar bone dimensions were measured.
  • Correlations between sinus measurements, skeletal vertical patterns (SN-MP, ANB angles), and gender were assessed.

Main Results:

  • High-angle skeletal patterns were associated with larger maxillary sinuses, reduced bone height, and thinner alveolar bone.
  • Maxillary sinus dimensions correlated positively with the SN-MP angle in both genders and the ANB angle in females.
  • The distance between the sinus floor and alveolar crest correlated negatively with the SN-MP angle in males and the ANB angle in females.

Conclusions:

  • Skeletal class II patients with high-angle patterns are at increased risk of maxillary sinus perforation during TAD placement.
  • Gender differences exist, with males showing a higher potential for sinus penetration compared to females.
  • These findings offer insights into the "safe zone" for maxillary posterior alveolar TAD placement.