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Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases and Diseases
Yu Wang1, Weixing Yu1, Sha Li1
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China.
Frontiers in Oncology
|April 1, 2022
Summary
Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs) are key enzymes in fatty acid metabolism. This review details ACC functions, roles in diseases like cancer and diabetes, and their potential as therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs) catalyze the synthesis of malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA.
- Mammals possess ACC1 (cytosolic, fatty acid synthesis) and ACC2 (mitochondrial, fatty acid oxidation regulation).
- Fatty acid metabolism is critical in numerous physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer, diabetes, and obesity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structural features and regulatory mechanisms of ACCs.
- To summarize the roles of ACCs, particularly ACC1, in various diseases.
- To discuss ACC1 as a potential therapeutic target and related inhibitors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on ACCs.
- Analysis of ACC structural and functional data.
- Examination of disease-associated studies involving ACCs.
Main Results:
- ACC1 is the primary enzyme in de novo fatty acid synthesis and implicated in disease.
- ACC2 regulates fatty acid oxidation via CPT1.
- ACCs influence protein post-translational modifications, affecting cellular processes.
Conclusions:
- ACCs play crucial roles in cellular metabolism and disease pathogenesis.
- ACC1 is a promising therapeutic target for metabolic diseases and cancer.
- Development of ACC1 inhibitors holds potential for novel disease treatments.
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