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Related Concept Videos

SNAREs and Membrane Fusion01:43

SNAREs and Membrane Fusion

11.1K
Once a transport vesicle has recognized its target organelle, the vesicular membrane needs to fuse with the target membrane to unload the cargo. Transmembrane proteins called SNAREs present on organelle membranes and their vesicles, mediate vesicle fusion.
SNAREs exist in pairs that symmetrically interact and catalyze the fusion of the lipid bilayers in vesicle and target organelle. v-SNARE in the vesicle membrane are single polypeptide chains that bind to a complementary t-SNARE, composed of 2...
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Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

8.7K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
8.7K
Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

12.4K
Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
12.4K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

2.5K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.5K
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

3.3K
Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
3.3K
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

2.2K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Utilizing Combined Methodologies to Define the Role of Plasma Membrane Delivery During Axon Branching and Neuronal Morphogenesis
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Utilizing Combined Methodologies to Define the Role of Plasma Membrane Delivery During Axon Branching and Neuronal Morphogenesis

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SNAREs Regulate Vesicle Trafficking During Root Growth and Development.

Changxin Luo1, Yumei Shi1, Yun Xiang1

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|April 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins are crucial for membrane fusion and cellular homeostasis. This review details SNARE functions in plant vesicle trafficking, growth, and development.

Keywords:
ArabidopsisSNAREsmembrane fusionrootvesicle trafficking

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Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
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Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale
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Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
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Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale
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Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale

Published on: May 14, 2020

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Area of Science:

  • Plant cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Membrane trafficking

Background:

  • Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins mediate membrane fusion, a critical process in vesicular trafficking.
  • Vesicular trafficking is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and various cellular functions.
  • In plants, SNAREs are implicated in diverse processes including cytokinesis, cytoskeleton organization, stress responses, and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the biological roles of SNAREs in plant vesicle trafficking.
  • To explore the signaling networks governing SNAREs in Arabidopsis.
  • To summarize the regulation of root growth and development by SNAREs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on SNARE proteins in plants.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on SNARE localization and function in different subcellular compartments.
  • Examination of research on SNAREs' involvement in plant growth, development, and stress responses.

Main Results:

  • SNAREs are localized to various subcellular compartments in plants, indicating diverse functional roles.
  • SNAREs are involved in fundamental plant processes such as cytokinesis, cytoskeleton organization, and symbiosis.
  • SNAREs play significant roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.
  • SNAREs contribute to the normal growth and development of Arabidopsis, particularly root development.

Conclusions:

  • SNARE proteins are indispensable regulators of membrane fusion and vesicle trafficking in plants.
  • Understanding SNAREs' signaling networks is key to elucidating their multifaceted roles in plant biology.
  • SNAREs are critical for coordinating plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental cues.