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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 28, 2025

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

Reduced Primacy Bias in Autism during Early Sensory Processing.

Judith Goris¹, Senne Braem^2,3, Shauni Van Herck⁴

¹Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium judith.goris@ugent.be.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|April 1, 2022

Summary

Individuals with autism update their internal models of the world faster than neurotypical individuals. This faster model updating means early sensory processing in autism is less influenced by initial impressions.

Keywords:

autism EEG autism spectrum disorder mismatch negativity prediction error predictive coding

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Published on: December 7, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Autism Research
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Autism theories suggest a deficit in context-sensitive weighting of prediction errors.
This hypothesis is supported by early sensory-level evidence.
A key question is whether autism involves faster or slower updating of the world model.

Purpose of the Study:

To differentiate between faster and slower world model updating in autism.
To investigate how first impressions influence early sensory prediction error processing (MMN).
To test if autism is characterized by faster model updating as proposed by predictive coding theories.

Main Methods:

Compared adults with autism (n=27) and matched controls (n=27) using a multi-timescale Mismatch Negativity (MMN) paradigm.
Tones were presented as standard (frequent) or deviant (rare), with roles reversing each block.
A reinforcement learning model was used to simulate hypotheses about model updating.

Main Results:

In the control group, initial context (first block) influenced MMN amplitudes in later blocks, indicating a primacy bias.
In the autism group, MMN responses did not significantly differ based on initial sound roles (standard vs. deviant).
This suggests individuals with autism were less influenced by the initial context compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Findings support the hypothesis that autism is characterized by faster model updating in early sensory processing.
This faster updating implies a reduced influence of initial impressions or context.
Results align with predictive coding accounts of autism, suggesting a more rapid adaptation to new information.